Paul is second only to Jesus as the most important person in the birth of Christianity, and yet he continues to be controversial, even among Christians. How could the letters of Paul be used both to inspire radical grace and to endorse systems of oppression---condoning slavery, subordinating women, and condemning homosexual behavior? Marcus J. Borg and John Dominic Crossan use the best of biblical and historical scholarship to explain the reasons for Paul's mixed reputation and reveal to us what scholars have known for decades: that the later letters of Paul were created by the early church to dilute Paul's egalitarian message and transform him into something more "acceptable." They argue that there are actually "Three Pauls" in the New Testament: "The Radical Paul" (of the seven genuine letters), "The Conservative Paul" (of the three disputed epistles), and "The Reactionary Paul" (of the three inauthentic letters). By closely examining this progression of Paul's letters---from the authentic to the inauthentic---the authors show how the apostle was slowly but steadily "deradicalized" to fit Roman social norms in regards to slavery, patriarchy, and patronage. In truth, Paul was an appealing apostle of Jesus whose vision of life "in Christ"---one of his favored phrases---is remarkably faithful to the message of Jesus himself.
Mel Foster presents Borg and Crossan's well-researched account of the Apostle Paul and his writings. With assurance, Foster portrays the authors' vision of Paul as one of the most contentious figures in Christian history, but also one of the most misunderstood. With compelling clarity, Foster perfectly renders Paul's statements condoning slavery and the subordination of women and condemning homosexuality. Foster clearly details the differences the authors find between Paul's early letters and his later "disputed epistles." In a persuasive tone, Foster offers the authors' observations that Paul's writings move between the radical, the conservative, and the reactionary. The reason for this, they contend, is that the early church edited some of Paul's writings to "de-radicalize" his views with respect to Roman social norms. Overall, Foster presents the authors' views on Paul's letters--the authentic and the inauthentic--with eloquent warmth. G.D.W. (c) AudioFile 2009, Portland, Maine
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